Why do people keep photos?

A quick analysis of the four pieces I had found on the net to do with ‘Why do people keep photos'[Why-do-people-keep-photos-v1.1-13Jul2012] seems to indicate the following:

The main reasons that people keep photos is a) as a reminder of the past, and b) to share their experiences with others. There are many aspects to the first reason including:

  • To experience a moment again and the feelings you had at that moment.
  • To remind you of someone you really liked – or perhaps hated.
  • To escape from the present to the past because it is somehow more enjoyable than the present.
  • To augment a vague memory and see how it really was.

People also keep other artefacts such as theatre tickets and programmes, but a photo provides a richer memory experience. The saying ‘A picture is worth a thousand words’ is appropriate for a variety of reasons including:

  • Photos tell us about the person photographed, and how they looked, what they did and liked or disliked, and maybe even how they were feeling or what they were thinking.
  • Photos tell us about history, trends and how things have changed or stayed the same.
  • Photos also tell us about the interests , preferences and lives of the people taking the photos.

Photos also have a special value over and above keepsakes or even paintings – they are ‘factive’. That is, we know that, provided things are working properly and have been done right, what’s in a photo actually existed or occurred. Of course, most people are aware that photos can give a false impression or can be doctored, but under normal circumstances photos show things the way they were.

Keeping photos is not normally classified as Hoarding – though a couple of the characteristics of hoarders might apply – no confidence in one’s memory and a fear of forgetting important memories. So, it is likely that someone with hoarding tendencies would probably want to keep photos – but just because someone keeps photos doesn’t make them a hoarder.

Interestingly, I found little mention of specific family reasons for keeping photos – either to see what one’s ancestors were like or to pass photos down to future generations. There was mention that photos tell us about our history and can serve as a linkage of one generation to another but no discussion of why those things are important. My guess is that it is just a natural human trait to be interested in where you came from and what your ancestors were like; and that any desire to hand photos down to the next generation simply reflects the value that individuals place on having such information about their ancestors themselves.

Draft submitted to two journals

Tom and I completed the draft version of the ‘Research Note’ today and Tom has sent it to the first of the two Journals he identified previously ( the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, and the International Journal of Information Management) to see if they might want to publish it. We can only appear in one so we’re just hoping we get a positive response from one or the other.

Explore the status of Mailbox Structures

In the early 1980’s, when I was researching email, I was introduced to the concept of mailbox structures by Murray Turoff and Roxanne Hiltz. They described structuring as tailoring the computer-based communication process around a particular group or application. This concept was explored in great depth by John Bowers and John Churcher in the Cosmos project in the late 1980’s. However, I’ve lost touch with the topic. It would be fun to explore what, if anything, has been done with the concept since then.

Context and graphs produced

I’ve written two pages of background info to provide Tom with some context. They outline the jobs I was doing in 1981 and 2011 and the type of organisations I was working for; and also the main changes in communications I perceived between the two periods. The latter was an interesting list of the following:

1981 2011
The challenge was to manage paper The challenge was to manage email
Support staff assisted professionals No support staff – Professionals support themselves
You needed paper and a pen You needed a laptop, desktop and/or a handheld
Turnaround expectations were several days Turnaround expectations were a few hours
The phone was tied to the desk The phone was mobile and multipurpose providing a tighter coupling between voice and written communications.
Overland mail used for most things Many types of communications – magazines,  newsletters and marketing material – had moved into web sites or email
Presentation technologies used were either photographic slides or overhead acetates Slides and acetates had disappeared. Presentation technology was presentation software such as Powerpoint
Conference calls generally unknown. Work got done by face-to-face meetings or by shipping paper around and getting comments back on paper or by phone. Conference calls a major plank of business communications
To be connected to like-minded individuals, you had to join a group and either attend face-to-face meetings or receive materials through the overland mail. To be connected to like-minded individuals, you identified an appropriate group over the net and used web-based support systems.
Inter-continental communication took place by letter or one-to-one phone calls between distinct individuals and groups with their own agendas. Business had gone global and was conducted by interlinked teams working together across continents. Conference/video calls demanded that many participants had to join communications at unsocial hours. Email was the glue bonding the participants together.

I have also completed the basic numerical analysis and produced the following graphs:

  • % of communications received in each of 24 categories, 1981 vs 2011
  • % received on each individual day of the week, 1981 vs 2011
  • Absolute numbers of hardcopy items received by category, 1981 vs 2011
  • Average number of emails sent on each day of the week, 2011 only (no 1981 data)
  • % emails with attachments received by category, 2011 only
  • % replied to, 1981 vs 2011
  • % forwarded, 1981 vs 2011
  • Number of different senders by category, 2011 only (no 1981 data)
  • % work related, 1981 vs 2011

I’m working with Tom Jackson on this topic

A look through my filing index identified a paper on email in the journal Behaviour and Information Technology. I emailed the author at Amsterdam University asking if he was interested in collaborating or if he could suggest anyone who might be. He pointed me towards Tom Jackson at Loughborough University who I am now working with. Tom approached two possible journals to find out if they’d be interested in such material – the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, and the International Journal of Information Management. The latter responded that it sounds interesting and that we should submit a draft. We are now working on the material.

Trawling the net for “why people keep photos”

Today I started looking for info on the net about why people keep photos. There’s a lot of thoughts out there on this topic, for example:

http://youthcoders.net/photo/theory/979-why-do-people-keep-photographs.html

However, more academic discussion about the underlying reasons were harder to find. There is a site which, among other things, summarises aspects of  “The Psychology of photography” which is relevant but not exactly spot on:

http://dynamics.hubpages.com/hub/The-Psychology-of-Photography

I found a piece in the Psychology Today site which describes a paper by  philosopher Robert Hopkins of the University of Sheffield on “what’s special about photographs?”

http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/maybe-its-just-me/201012/whats-so-special-about-photographs

I also came across a very detailed presentation about hoarding which seems to have some sort of relationship to the question:

http://www.hoardingsqualorconference.com.au/2009/files/presentations/Psychology%20of%20Compulsive%20Hoarding%20-%20Dr%20Christopher%20Mogan.pdf

I think I’ll have a more detailed read of the above links and then maybe contact somebody working in the area to try and have a brief discussion on the subject.

A home for spur of the moment ideas

Every now and again an idea pops into my head which interests and excites me. Often its while I’m in the shower and I spend 10 minutes or so exploring it in my head and getting enthusiastic about it. But then real life intervenes and the thought – and enthusiasm – is gone. Some of the ideas are more practical than others that’s for sure, but perhaps all deserve more considered thought, and even action, if only I had the time and energy. Its frustrating to have most of them sink without trace once the moment passes. So this is a space in which new, raw, ideas can be recorded straight away, and perhaps revisited at a later date.

I welcome any and all comments about whether the ideas are good or useless, or suggesting ways in which the idea can be extended in a new direction.

The challenge of getting those family photos in order

Family photo collections often include many types of prints handed down from distant relatives, and large numbers of photos, negatives and digital images from more recent times. Some people have organised and managed their family photos over the years and continue to do so with a variety of software tools and internet services. However, the natural tendency is for the photos to accumulate in envelopes and drawers, and computers and phones, often to get thrown away or to be otherwise lost to the family. Reversing this tendency and assembling a large set of family photos into an organised, accessible and durable collection is not simple and is very time consuming.

There are three main aspects to address – the physical images and negatives, digitisation of the images, and indexing. For each aspect there are lots of different ways of doing things, and there’s lots of advice and software available. However, this journey will explore the practical problems that I encounter and the solutions I come up with. These may not necessarily be the best way of doing things – but they are solutions that work. I actually started doing this many years ago and am now close to finishing, so what is documented here is fairly well tried and tested.

In addition to actually organising the collection, I often wonder why I’m bothering to do it and why people take photographs and keep them at all. So, this journey will also be exploring those questions as well.

 

Carving up the problem has driven out the answers

On Monday 21st I got some feedback from a friend on my posts on this topic. His initial reaction was, “Why don’t you just buy a Mac and stick with your iPhone contacts syncing using the Apple cloud like I do?”. I wish it was that easy and that I had the cash to switch platforms at will!

I was beginning to get the feeling that there is no simple all-embracing answer. So I decided to break the problem up into three main areas and look at the options within each: 1) What to do with the Filemaker Address List (“Addlist”), 2) Syncing the Addlist with the Email/Phone lists, 3) Syncing the email list with the phone list (the reverse is done automatically by the iPhone).

For question 1) there are a lot of options including leave it as it is; redesign it; abandon it and move the data to Excel; abandon it and move the data to another product like StatTrak; abandon it and move the data to the email system; and abandon it and throw the data away. I’ve decided that I don’t want to spend a load of time on a redesign, and that, while I still have a copy of Filemaker, I’ll just continue to use the Addlist as it is.

For question 2 (syncing the Addlist with the Email/Phone lists) the options included producing an Email/Phone csv file and syncing manually with the Addlist; combining an Addlist csv with an Email/Phone csv and checking for differences; doing an eyeball sync between the names in the Addlist and the names in the Email/Phone lists – but keeping email addresses in the email system and phone numbers in the phone; and don’t do any syncing at all. I’ve decided that I will do minimal syncing and that I will not attempt to keep emails or phone numbers up to date in the Addlist. In practice this will mean comparing the names in the Addlist and in the iPhone list once a year around Christmas time to support the sending of Christmas cards.

For question 3 (syncing the email list with the phone list) the options included producing a csv file from the iPhone and checking it against the Email list; combining the csv files from both the Email system and the iPhone and then checking for differences; and not trying to sync the two at all. I’ve decided I will do minimal syncing and will just do a check on the Email list using a csv from the iPhone once a year around Christmas time. Furthermore, if I have a choice I’ll put new emails and phone numbers into the Email system rather than the iPhone since the iPhone will replicate with the Email system but not vice versa.